   The landslide has occurred by erosion of the toe of the slope by the stream flowing at the base. During rainfall, the water flow tends to become turbulent causing the river to erode its banks
  Neena Vaman, K. V., and  Bhat, A. A., 2020.Macro-scale (1:50,000) Landslide susceptibility mapping in parts of Toposheet nos. 48I12, 48I16, 48J14 and 48J14, Uttar Kannada and Shimoga i district, Karnataka. Unpublished GSI report.
Toe support by appropriate measures
Kulave village
Kulave village
Toe support by appropriate measures
Saturation of overburden material, cutting of slope for road construction